Practice Context for Participatory Planning in Four Hupmobile Project Countries

Since public involvement in spatial planning has been increasingly propagated and recognised in the 1970s, many countries have ensured the requirements for it in legislation. However, the legislation framework for participatory planning differs across countries, depending on their political and planning culture, as well as economic and civic capacity (Horelli, 2002; Prilenska, 2020). In addition to the requirements by laws/regulations, many cities have their own participatory planning strategy and practices. This article introduces the statutory requirements and practices for participatory planning in four member countries of HUPMOBILE project: Estonia, Finland, Germany, and Latvia.